Influence of Repeated Bonding on the Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Resin Cements: A Systematic Review and Meta- analysis

Orthodontics, Rebonding, Enamel, Adhesion, Biomechanics

Dr. Yousef Tariq Eshmawi
Assistant Professor, Department of
Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of
Dental Medicine, Umm Al-Qura
University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia,
Orcid #: 0009-0006-8063-5680,
E.mail: yteshmawi@uqu.edu.sa

European Journalof Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry(2026)34 (4s),559-568

Influence of Repeated
Bonding on the Shear Bond
Strength of Orthodontic
Resin Cements: A Systematic
Review and Meta- analysis

Background:Successful orthodontictreatment depends on achieving optimal shear bond strength (SBS) between brackets and enamel, ensuring durability while preventing enamel damage. Repeated bonding procedures is required to prevent bracket failure or repositioning which may alter enamel morphology or even compromise bond strength making their orthodontic treatment tidious. Aim:To assess the influence of repeated bonding procedures on the shear bond strength of orthodontic resin cements and to identify effective rebonding strategies that maintain bond integrity alongside minimizing enamel damage. Material and Method:A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published between 2010 and March 2026. The systematic review is registered upper PROSPERO with id CRD420261326015. Following the set inclusion and exclusion criteria, in vitro studies evaluating SBS after at least one rebonding cycle were included. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed independently by the authors. A meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model was conducted on comparable studies, and heterogeneity was assessed. Results:Four studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies demonstrated a reduction in SBS following rebonding compared to primary bonding. However, most values remained within clinically acceptable limits (6–10 MPa). Surface reconditioning techniques such as sandblasting and tungsten carbide burs improved SBS compared to untreated groups. The metaanalysis revealed a small but statistically significant difference (mean difference=0.54; p=0.04) favoring primary bonding, with moderate heterogeneity observed.

Received-18-05-2026 Revised-22-06-2026 Accepted-27-06-2026

Conclusion:Repeated bonding reduces shear bond strength but generally maintains clinically acceptable levels. Appropriate enamel and bracket surface preparation can mitigate this reduction. Further standardized and long-term clinical studies are required to strengthen evidence and optimize rebonding protocols

EJPRD

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