Comparison of Percutaneous Dilational Tracheostomy and Surgical Tracheostomy Outcomes and Complications: A Retrospective Study

Conventional Surgical tracheostomy (ST), Dilatational Percutaneous tracheostomy (DPT), critically ill patients.

1*Fardus Mohammed Bar Mohammed Sadana
Ada, MSN, RN
Critical Care Nurse, Intensive Care Unit
King Abdullah University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia; Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) –
Advanced Nursing Practice: Critical Care
Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University
(PNU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9760-7680

2Hanan Alyami, PhD
Assistant Professor
Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing
College of Nursing; Princess Nourah bint
Abdulrahman University (PNU)
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Email: Hmalyami@pnu.edu.sa
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3176-2756

3Ali Hussain Al Janoubi, MD
Consultant Intensivist; Adult Intensive Care Unit
(ICU); Critical Care Services Administration
King Fahad Medical City; Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Email: alijanoubi@gmail.com
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3092-918X

4Thamer Theyab M. Alanazi, MD, SBIM, SFACC
Department of Internal Medicine; College of
Medicine; Northern Border University
Saudi Arabia
Email: alotaify.t@gmail.com
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7452-8000

5Mustafa Yasawy, MD
Consultant, Internal Medicine and Critical Care
Medicine; Director, Adult Critical Care Residency
Program; King Fahad Medical City; Riyadh,
Saudi Arabia
Email: M_YASAWY@HOTMAIL.COM
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1926-0190

6Khalid Yahya Alzahrani
ICU Fellow; King Fahad Medical City; Riyadh,
Saudi Arabia
Email: Khalid-3030@hotmail.com
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9931-6981

7Mohanad Mohammad Banaamah, MD
Intensive Care Unit (ICU); King Abdulaziz
Hospital; Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Email: Dr.mmb@hotmail.com
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8941-7364

Received:17-06-2026
Revised: 23-07-2026
Accepted: 29-07-2026

European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry (2026) 34 (7s), 522–529

Comparison of Percutaneous Dilational Tracheostomy and Surgical Tracheostomy Outcomes and Complications: A Retrospective Study

Background: Tracheostomy is an alternate method of airway management that has the potential to alleviate patient discomfort and reduce the amount of work required to maintain the airway. Objective: to discuss the risks and outcomes associated with surgical tracheostomy (ST) and percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT). Methods: The study has employed a retrospective review of medical records. Critically sick patients undertook either ST tracheostomy or PDT. Statistical techniques were applied to analyze results and complications posttracheostomy. Results: 106 patients (PDT=66; ST=40) were surveyed. Demographics and comorbidities were similar in both groups. Length of stay in the ICU was significantly shorter in the PDT group (38.2 ± 22.4 days) in comparison to ST (56.1 ± 30.6 days) (p < 0.001). Weaning success was higher in the PDT group (68.2%) than ST (55.0%), although not statistically significant (p = 0.173). Complication rates were similar between the two groups with no statistically significant differences. Conclusions: PDT appears to be a safe and efficient alternative to ST, with a notable reduction in ICU stay and a trend toward faster weaning. however, no statistically significant differences were observed in complication rates, successful weaning, or short-term survival. Given the retrospective single-center design relatively small sample size, non-randomized patient allocation and potential confounding factors, the findings should be interpreted as exploratory and hypothesis-generating rather than definitive comparative evidence. Larger multicenter prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.

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