Middle ear function in otologically normal hearing adult using tympanometer of different probe frequencies
ontologically Normal, multi frequencies probe tone tympanometer , middle ear.
AuthorsAbstractBackground: Tympanometry was first developed in the 1950's by measuring the middle ear pressure. Over the years, its contribution to clinical diagnosis has become well accepted and it is now a routine part of the audiological test battery (Harris et al. 2005). A tympanometer consists of an air pump, a probe with a loud speaker, a microphone and a manometer. The probe tip must provide a good sealing in the ear canal to form a hermetic seal to be formed, which is required to obtain the proper pressure in the ear. The air pump introduces air pressure changes in the ear canal and a probe tone is also sent into the ear canal. The probe mechanism contains a microphone and speaker, which emits a pure tone. The acoustic immittance of the ear is analyzed by continuously monitoring sound pressure levels in the ear canal with a probe microphone. The immittance at the Tympanic membrane (TM) is directly proportional to the sound pressure level of the probe tone in the ear canal. The most commonly used probe tone has been 226Hz. This probe tone has some definitive advantages when testing the adult ear. That's because the adult middle ear system is stiffness-dominated (compliance) at this frequency and the effects of mass and friction are minor. Interpretation and presentation of the results in most instruments display only the compliance of the middle ear. Additionally, the compliance value is directly proportional to the closed air volume, and the external ear canal volume (ECV) is obtained Objectives: The present study was undertaken to assess and compare the results of multicomponent tympanometry for 226 Hz, 678 Hz, 800Hz and 1000 Hz probe tone in detecting middle ear pathology. Methodology: 80 ears of 40subjects who are ontologically normal, pure tone audiometry within normal, no middle ear problem, no exposure to noise were included in the present study for the investigation of differences among different probe tone frequencies .one ear is chosen for the measurements. The status of the ears of each subject were assessed using otoscopic examination, which is to insure evaluation of the ear tympanic membrane, followed by measuring the hearing threshold levels to ensure that each ear is within Normal, after that tympanometry measurements were performed using a diagnostic Madsen zodiac tympanometer of multi probe frequencies. Results: a cross-sectional study of 80 ears of 40 subjects was conducted. This study was conduct at the ALahyyia university . This study suggests that assessments of middle ear status are not consistent when frequencies of 226 compared with 678 Hz, 800 Hz and 1000 Hz are used. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the present study that there is significant discrepancy between the probe frequency 226 Hz and the other three probe frequencies. The tympanometry probe frequency of 226 Hz is the best probe for assessment of the middle ear function.
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