Correlation Between Chronic Periodontitis And Obstructive Sleep Apnea – An Observational Study

Chronic periodontitis, obstructive sleep apnea, polysomnography, clinical attachment loss, probing pocket depth, Mallampati Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, STOP-BANG Questionnaire

Dr Sanskriti Singh ,
Post-Graduate Student
Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology
ITS Dental College & Hospital, 47, Knowledge
Park III, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
Email id: singhsans008@gmail.com
Orcid id: 0009-0007-2144-7767

Dr Shivesh Kumar Mishra2,
Designation: Professor, Department of Periodontology and
Oral Implantology, ITS Dental College &
Hospital, 47, Knowledge Park III, Greater
Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
Email id : mishrashivesh@gmail.com
Orcid id: 0000-0001-5264-1027

Dr Gunjan Gupta3*,
Professor & Head
Department of Periodontology and Oral
Implantology, ITS Dental College & Hospital,
47, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, Uttar
Pradesh, India. Email id:
drgunjangupta22@gmail.com
Orcid id: 0000-0001-9436-6895

Dr Priyanka Tandon4,
Reader, ITS Dental
College & Hospital, 47, Knowledge Park III,
Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. Email id :
priyankatondon92@gmail.com
Orcid id: 0000-0001-5264-1027

Dr Nishant Gupta5,
Professor& Head
Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial
orthopedics, Teerthankar Mahaveer University,
Moradabad, Email:
nishantgupta2001@gmail.com
Orcid id: 0000-0002-1791-7224

Dr Nidhi Walia6,
Reader, Department of
Prosthodontics, crown & Bridge & Oral
Implantology, Inderprastha Dental college &
Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar pradesh. Email:
dr.nidhiwalia89@gmail.com
Orcid id: 0000-0001-5107-354X

Received:23-06-2026
Revised:30-07-2026
Accepted:08-08-2026

European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry (2026) 34(7s), 828–833

Correlation Between Chronic Periodontitis And Obstructive Sleep Apnea – An Observational Study

Aim: To evaluate the association between chronic periodontitis and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and to determine the correlation between periodontal parameters and OSA screening tools in adults with polysomnography-confirmed OSA. Materials and Methods: This observational cross-sectional study included 20 adults with newly diagnosed OSA confirmed by overnight polysomnography at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi. OSA risk and severity were assessed using the STOP-BANG questionnaire, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and Mallampati Index. Periodontal examination included probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL), and periodontal status was classified according to the 2017 World Workshop Classification of Periodontal Diseases. Spearman's rank correlation test was used to evaluate the association between periodontal parameters and OSArelated variables, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Clinical attachment loss and probing pocket depth showed significant positive correlations with the Mallampati Index (ρ = 0.512, p = 0.021) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores (ρ = 0.510, p = 0.022). Although positive correlations were observed with the STOP-BANG questionnaire and OSA type, these associations were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The findings suggest that increasing OSA severity is associated with greater periodontal tissue destruction. Conclusion: A significant association was observed between chronic periodontitis and obstructive sleep apnea. Higher Mallampati grades and ESS scores were associated with increased periodontal destruction, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between periodontists and sleep medicine specialists for early diagnosis and comprehensive patient care. Clinical Significance: Routine periodontal assessment in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and timely referral for sleep evaluation in patients with advanced periodontitis may facilitate early diagnosis and improve overall patient management.

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