Comprehensive Preclinical Evaluation of Musa Paradisiaca Spathe Extract: Phytochemical Characterization, Safety Assessment, Wound Healing Activity, and Anti-Anemic Efficacy

Musa paradisiaca spathe; Iron deficiency anemia; Wound healing; Toxicity evaluation.

Rajeswar Das1,
Department of Pharmacology,
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam
down town University, Guwahati, Assam,
781026, India, Orcid Id: 0000-0003-2789-3972,
Department of Pharmacology, School of
Pharmacy, The Neotia University, South 24
Parganas, West Bengal, 743368, India.

Durgaprasad Kemisetti2*,
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of
Pharmaceutical Science, Assam down town
University, Guwahati, Assam, 781026, India,
Orcid Id: 0000-0003-2081-1794, Email:
kdp251999@gmail.com

Bolay Bhattacharya3,
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Professor and Head,
School of Pharmacy, Sister Nivedita University,
New Town, West Bengal, 700156, India, Orcid
Id: 0000-0003-2432-917X

Received:22-06-2026
Revised:29-07-2026
Accepted:04-08-2026

European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry (2026) 34(7s), 888–904

Comprehensive Preclinical Evaluation of Musa Paradisiaca Spathe Extract: Phytochemical Characterization, Safety Assessment, Wound Healing Activity, and Anti-Anemic Efficacy

Musa paradisiaca spathe, an underutilized agricultural by-product, has emerged as a promising source of bioactive compounds with potential nutraceutical applications. This study systematically investigated the phytochemical composition, safety, wound-healing activity, and anti-anemic efficacy of hydroethanolic M. paradisiaca spathe extract (HAE-MP). Aqueous, ethanolic, and hydroethanolic extracts were characterized using ICP–MS and GC–MS analyses. The hydroethanolic extract exhibited the highest extraction yield (21.11%), greatest iron content (883.18 mg/kg), and the most diverse phytochemical profile. In vitro scratch assay and RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated accelerated wound closure, accompanied by downregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α and restoration of IL-10 expression, indicating enhanced tissue repair. Safety was evaluated according to OECD Guidelines 423 and 407, revealing no mortality, treatment-related clinical signs, hematological or biochemical abnormalities, or histopathological changes following acute and repeateddose oral administration. Anti-anemic efficacy was assessed in a phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anemia model in Wistar rats. Oral administration of HAE-MP (500 mg/kg) significantly improved erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum iron, ferritin, and transferrin saturation while reducing total iron-binding capacity, erythropoietin, reticulocyte count, and oxidative stress biomarkers. Although ferrous ascorbate produced a greater therapeutic response, HAE-MP demonstrated substantial hematological recovery with an excellent safety profile. These findings suggest that the hydroethanolic extract of M. paradisiaca spathe possesses significant wound-healing and hematinic properties, highlighting its potential as a sustainable botanical resource for future nutraceutical and phytopharmaceutical development.

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