environmental protection, education for sustainable development, social enterprises, community-based environmental stewardship, sustainable development, environmental governance
AuthorsAbstractEnvironmental degradation, resource depletion, and sustainability challenges increasingly threaten ecosystems and vulnerable communities. Social enterprises have emerged as key actors in addressing these issues through environmental protection, sustainability education, and community-based environmental practices. Operating across sectors such as poverty alleviation, livelihoods, healthcare, agriculture, education, and environmental conservation, social enterprises differ from traditional profitdriven businesses by prioritising sustainability, social impact, and the fulfillment of social needs. This paper is based on secondary data and a systematic literature review with a specific emphasis on environmental sustainability outcomes, sustainability education, and community-led environmental protection models. A total of 831 papers on social entrepreneurship were identified, with focused analysis of 398 articles addressing sustainable models for the social and economic growth of women and marginalised communities. Additionally, 98 cited studies highlight key challenges and the growing academic interest in this field. The review identifies avenues for future research, including reinterpretation of theoretical frameworks, sectoral expansion, and analysis of operational strategies and performance factors. The study further proposes a sustainable roadmap for environmentally sustainable development of marginalised communities through conservation-oriented livelihoods and sustainability education, aligning social enterprise interventions with key environmental Sustainable Development Goals.
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