European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry

Adhesive Type, Application Mode and Composite Preheating Influence Temperature Changes Across Different Dentin Thicknesses

Adhesive Type, Application Mode and Composite Preheating Influence Temperature Changes Across Different Dentin Thicknesses

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Cover Date

June 2025

Print ISSN

0965-7452

Vol

33

Issue

2

Abstract

Objectives. To evaluate the effect of universal adhesive type/mode and bulk-fill composite preheating on temperature changes (∆Ts) across two different dentin thicknesses. Methods. Eighty dentin discs (2mm thickness) were randomly divided into 8 groups (n=10) based on adhesive type (All Bond Universal-ABU or Scotchbond Universal PlusSBUP), adhesive mode (self-etching-SE, or etch-and-rinse-ER), and composite preheating (non-preheated, or preheated). K-type thermocouple wire was used to record ∆Ts during adhesive light-curing (∆T1), composite application (∆T2), and composite lightcuring (∆T3). After recording of ∆Ts, 2mm dentin discs were reduced to 1mm thickness, and experiment was repeated. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA/Tukey tests (α = 0.05). Results. Dentin thickness significantly affected ∆Ts (P<.001), with 1mm thickness showing significant increase. Neither composite preheating, nor adhesive type/
mode significantly affected temperature changes (P>0.05). Both ABU/SE and SBUP/ER in preheated composite groups showed no significant difference (P>0.05) between 2mm (2.81±0.85°C and 1.51±0.89°C, respectively) and 1mm thicknesses (3.52±0.46°C and 2.38±0.94°C, respectively) in ∆T2. ∆T3 was significantly higher than ∆T1 and ∆T2 regardless of the dentin thickness (P<0.05). Conclusion. Composite light-curing increased temperature beyond the limit that pulp can withstand, regardless of dentin thickness. Clinical Relevance. Preheated bulk-fill composite is safe for restoring deep cavities, but caution is needed during light curing.
Keywords
Temperature Change
Dentin Thickness
Bulk-fill Composite Preheating
Universal Adhesives
Self-etching Mode
Etch-and-rinse Mode