European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry

Adhesive Type, Application Mode and Composite Preheating Influence Temperature Changes Across Different Dentin Thicknesses

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Cover Date

June 2025

Print ISSN

0965-7452

Vol

33

Issue

2

Abstract

Objectives. To evaluate the effect of universal adhesive type/mode and bulk-fill composite preheating on temperature changes (∆Ts) across two different dentin thicknesses. Methods. Eighty dentin discs (2mm thickness) were randomly divided into 8 groups (n=10) based on adhesive type (All Bond Universal-ABU or Scotchbond Universal PlusSBUP), adhesive mode (self-etching-SE, or etch-and-rinse-ER), and composite preheating (non-preheated, or preheated). K-type thermocouple wire was used to record ∆Ts during adhesive light-curing (∆T1), composite application (∆T2), and composite lightcuring (∆T3). After recording of ∆Ts, 2mm dentin discs were reduced to 1mm thickness, and experiment was repeated. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA/Tukey tests (α = 0.05). Results. Dentin thickness significantly affected ∆Ts (P<.001), with 1mm thickness showing significant increase. Neither composite preheating, nor adhesive type/
mode significantly affected temperature changes (P>0.05). Both ABU/SE and SBUP/ER in preheated composite groups showed no significant difference (P>0.05) between 2mm (2.81±0.85°C and 1.51±0.89°C, respectively) and 1mm thicknesses (3.52±0.46°C and 2.38±0.94°C, respectively) in ∆T2. ∆T3 was significantly higher than ∆T1 and ∆T2 regardless of the dentin thickness (P<0.05). Conclusion. Composite light-curing increased temperature beyond the limit that pulp can withstand, regardless of dentin thickness. Clinical Relevance. Preheated bulk-fill composite is safe for restoring deep cavities, but caution is needed during light curing.
Keywords
Temperature Change
Dentin Thickness
Bulk-fill Composite Preheating
Universal Adhesives
Self-etching Mode
Etch-and-rinse Mode